{"id":23673,"date":"2026-10-07T09:07:57","date_gmt":"2026-10-07T09:07:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bonavistadev.com\/?p=23673"},"modified":"2026-10-21T10:56:03","modified_gmt":"2026-10-21T10:56:03","slug":"common-components-a-technical-and-legal-guide-per-the-horizonal-property-act","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bonavistadev.com\/en\/blog-en\/architecture-and-design\/common-components-a-technical-and-legal-guide-per-the-horizonal-property-act\/","title":{"rendered":"Common Components: A Technical and Legal Guide Per the Horizonal Property Act"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"23673\" class=\"elementor elementor-23673 elementor-23672\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b7faeb2 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" 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itemprop=\"datePublished\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-calendar\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<time>October 7, 2026<\/time>\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b0e02f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7b0e02f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Common Components: A Technical and Legal Guide Per the Horizonal Property Act<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9ee011a 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class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7e1881d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7e1881d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b7adfb8\" data-id=\"b7adfb8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55faa7a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"55faa7a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/bonavistadev.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/elementos-comunes-edificio-escaleras-768x576.jpg\" class=\"attachment-promocion-image size-promocion-image wp-image-23668\" alt=\"Escaleras, uno de los elementos comunes de un edificio\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a4d6a29 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"a4d6a29\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-701aced elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"701aced\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-family: 'PT Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">When buying, selling, or living in a property, one of the main sources of doubt and conflict among neighbors is the line between private and collective property, especially in historical heritage buildings such as <\/span><a style=\"font-family: 'PT Sans', sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 16px;\" href=\"https:\/\/bonavistadev.com\/blog\/fincas-regias-barcelona-barrios\/\">s<\/a><span style=\"font-family: 'PT Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">tately homes. This has direct bearing on determining who pays for maintenance, repair costs, and limitations when doing work, so it is important to understand <\/span><b style=\"font-family: 'PT Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">what components are considered common property in a building<\/b><span style=\"font-family: 'PT Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In this post we provide a detailed analysis and legal definition, the list of components protected by law, the particularities regarding balconies, terraces, and roofing, and current <\/span><b>homeowners\u2019 association<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> regulations.<\/span><\/p><h2>What is a common component and how is it defined in the law?<\/h2><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A <\/span><b>common component<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> is a service, space, or structure on a property that does not exclusively belong to a single homeowner. It is instead <\/span><b>used or enjoyed by the entire building or otherwise supports the building<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In Spain, the regulatory framework to demarcate these areas or common components is set out in <\/span><b>Article 396 of the Civil Code<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and the <\/span><b>Horizontal Property Act<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. According to <\/span><b>Article 396 of the Civil Code<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, each <\/span><b>apartment or commercial space<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> has the <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">singular right of property over its defined space<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and, inseparably, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">co-ownership over the common components of the property necessary for proper use and enjoyment.<\/span><\/i><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Each apartment is assigned a <\/span><b>participation coefficient<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> over the entire building, which serves to determine their contribution to the payment of the general <\/span><b>homeowners\u2019 association<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> costs and the weight of their vote during homeowners\u2019 association meetings.<\/span><\/p><h2>Inventory of common components per Article 396 of the Civil Code<\/h2><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Civil Code provides an exhaustive, albeit open list of the components legally considered to be common. They are divided into various functional categories for easier understanding:<\/span><\/p><h3><b>1. Structural and foundation components<\/b><\/h3><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These are the backbone guaranteeing the <\/span><b>building\u2019s safety<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and stability. They include:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The land, <\/span><b>loadbearing walls<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>walls, trenches, courtyards, and wells<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The solid ground on which the building stands, the <\/span><b>load-bearing walls<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, as well as <\/span><b>walls, trenches, courtyards, and wells<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The essential <\/span><b>structural components<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: <\/span><b>pillars, beams, and top slabs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. As these components are directly responsible for the property&#8217;s overall stability, no owner can perforate or modify them without express, unanimous authorization from the homeowners\u2019 association. In complex renovation projects, protecting these components is a priority to ensure architectural integrity, as occurs when<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/bonavistadev.com\/rehabilitacion-edificio-historico\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">renovating a historical building without sacrificing its charm.<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><h3><b>2. Architectural components, facade, and enclosures<\/b><\/h3><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These <\/span><b>components close<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the property off from the outside and set the boundary:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The main <\/span><b>facade<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, exterior <\/span><b>walls<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><b>coverings<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and <\/span><b>ornamental architectural components<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>roof<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and finishing structures.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><h3><b>3. Transit areas and entryways<\/b><\/h3><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Areas dedicated to movement or at the service of co-owners, including entrances, <\/span><b>stairways, reception areas, corridors<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, hallways, passageways, and meter enclosures.<\/span><\/p><h3><b>4. Shared services and facilities<\/b><\/h3><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These include supply networks and the equipment necessary for habitability, i.e.:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Heating, air conditioning, ventilation<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, electricity, plumbing, and sewer systems up to the entrance into the <\/span><b>apartment or commercial space<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Elevators, tanks, meters, telephony systems,<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and the <\/span><b>intercom system<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Ventilation and smoke exhaust<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> systems, shared antennae, and telecommunications systems.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><h2>Frequently asked questions: What components are shared and what components are private?<\/h2><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The limit between what belongs to the home and what is part of the building can raise questions in certain cases, such as those mentioned below.<\/span><\/p><h3><b>Are windows shared or private components?<\/b><\/h3><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One of the most common questions is whether <\/span><b>windows are shared or private components<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. The answer is it depends:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As a closure and ventilation mechanism for the home, windows are private property.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, as a part of the exterior image and aesthetic of the facade, they are considered a common component. That\u2019s why windows must be replaced in strict accordance with the colors, shapes, and designs agreed upon by the <\/span><b>homeowner\u2019s association<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to not alter the building\u2019s aesthetic or harm the property\u2019s <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/bonavistadev.com\/en\/blog-en\/thermal-and-acoustic-insulation-the-secret-to-enjoying-a-home-in-the-center-of-town\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">thermal and acoustic insulation<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><h3><b>Are the home&#8217;s doors a common component?<\/b><\/h3><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In terms of whether a <\/span><b>home&#8217;s doors are a common component<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the interior side of the door providing entry into the home and its lock are private. Nonetheless, the exterior side facing the common hallway must be the same color and aesthetic as that of the other residents, as occurs with the windows.<\/span><\/p><h3><b>Balconies and railings<\/b><\/h3><p><b>The railings on balconies are common components<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> pursuant to the <\/span><b>Horizontal Property Act<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, as they are part of the facade. <\/span><b>Facade repair<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and painting the railings corresponds to the homeowners\u2019 association, except when the wear and tear was caused by deliberate misuse by a neighbor.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><h2>Terraces, roofing, and private courtyards<\/h2><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Where exterior spaces are concerned, one must clearly differentiate between ownership of the property and right to use it.<\/span><\/p><p><b>Difference between private terrace and private use<\/b><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Confusion between one use and another is very common on terraces. There is an important <\/span><b>difference between a private terrace and private use<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/p><ul><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Private terrace:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> exterior space included in the title deed for an apartment, provided its surface area does not function as the building\u2019s roof.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Common courtyard for private use:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> space that legally belongs to the homeowners\u2019 association, but whose physical access is reserved for the owners of certain apartments (usually ground floor and second floor units).<\/span><\/li><\/ul><h3><b>Horizontal Property Act: roofs, terraces, and balconies<\/b><\/h3><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to the <\/span><b>Horizontal Property Act, regarding roofs and terraces<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the structure of the roof and ground slab is always a <\/span><b>common component<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> given their waterproofing and thermal insulation function.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thus, the <\/span><b>Horizontal Property Act considers terraces and balconies<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with <\/span><b>exclusive use<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for one homeowner to be governed by the following allocation of expenses rule:<\/span><\/p><ol><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Daily maintenance:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Cleaning, leaf removal, and plot maintenance correspond to the user who is allocated <\/span><b>exclusive use<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li><li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Structural repairs:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Repairing humidity remediation arising from wear and tear of the asphalt membrane or degradation of the floor slab is the financial responsibility of the <\/span><b>homeowners\u2019 association<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, provided there was no negligence on behalf of the user.<\/span><\/li><\/ol><h2>Construction and norms in common areas<\/h2><h3><b>Work on homeowners\u2019 association common components<\/b><\/h3><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Any changes to the structure, load-bearing walls, or facade require authorization from the homeowners\u2019 association. <\/span><b>Work on homeowners\u2019 association common components<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> must be approved by the majority of the homeowners\u2019 association or unanimously, as required by law, depending on whether they involve mandatory conservation measures, accessibility (such as elevator installation), or cosmetic improvements.<\/span><\/p><h3><b>Terms of use for homeowners\u2019 association common areas<\/b><\/h3><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><b>terms of use for homeowners\u2019 association common areas<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> are usually set by the bylaws or rules of procedure. These terms guarantee coexistence, cleanliness, and safety in shared spaces like yards, pools, and shared terraces.<\/span><\/p><h2>The Horizontal Property Act in townhouses<\/h2><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One common error is thinking that homeowners\u2019 association legislation only applies to high-rise apartment buildings. The <\/span><b>Horizontal Property Act for townhouses<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and private housing developments (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">outstretched horizontal property<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) works exactly the same when there are shared components.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In these private housing developments, the foundations, contiguous roofing, wiring installations, meter enclosures, and sports areas and gardens are considered <\/span><b>common services and facilities<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and the costs of maintaining them must be distributed according to the <\/span><b>participation coefficient <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">assigned to each residence.<\/span><\/p><h2>Final tip before buying\u00a0<\/h2><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Now that you know what a building\u2019s common components are, before purchasing a property, always ask for the minutes from the most recent homeowners\u2019 association meetings. That way you\u2019ll know if the property has any <\/span><b>facade repairs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> pending, whether the building\u2019s technical inspection has expired, and whether repairs need to be made on the <\/span><b>structural components<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you\u2019re looking for projects where building quality, respect for architecture, and attention to detail are the top priorities, we welcome you to learn about our philosophy at <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/bonavistadev.com\/en\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bonavista Developments<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, specialists in creating exclusive, timeless homes in Barcelona and on the Mediterranean coast. To experience it firsthand, take a look at our <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/bonavistadev.com\/en\/development\/lofts-can-ricart\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">loft development in Can Ricart.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-390b6ec elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"390b6ec\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-25f06a3\" data-id=\"25f06a3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c038986 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"c038986\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/bonavistadev.com\/en\/contacto\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Contact now!<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Understanding the distinction between private and common property in a building is essential for avoiding conflicts and managing maintenance fees. In this guide, we detail the common elements of a building as defined by Article 396 of the Civil Code and the Condominium Law: from pillars, roofs, and facades to the rules governing the use of private terraces and balconies.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":23668,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[141,117,142],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23673","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-architecture-and-design","category-arquitectura-y-diseno","category-investment"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>A Building&#039;s Common Components: A Practical and Legal Guide<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Discover a building&#039;s common components pursuant to the Horizontal Property Act. Guide on terraces, facades, windows, and shared construction and repairs.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bonavistadev.com\/en\/blog-en\/architecture-and-design\/common-components-a-technical-and-legal-guide-per-the-horizonal-property-act\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A Building&#039;s Common Components: A Practical and Legal Guide\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Discover a building&#039;s common components pursuant to the Horizontal Property Act. Guide on terraces, facades, windows, and shared construction and repairs.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/bonavistadev.com\/en\/blog-en\/architecture-and-design\/common-components-a-technical-and-legal-guide-per-the-horizonal-property-act\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Bonavistadev\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-10-07T09:07:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-10-21T10:56:03+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/bonavistadev.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/elementos-comunes-edificio-escaleras-scaled.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1707\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Bonavista Developments\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Bonavista Developments\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bonavistadev.com\/en\/blog-en\/architecture-and-design\/common-components-a-technical-and-legal-guide-per-the-horizonal-property-act\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bonavistadev.com\/en\/blog-en\/architecture-and-design\/common-components-a-technical-and-legal-guide-per-the-horizonal-property-act\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Bonavista Developments\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bonavistadev.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/a924c22b33cdd7c8a341237c74a98210\"},\"headline\":\"Common Components: A Technical and Legal Guide Per the Horizonal Property Act\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-10-07T09:07:57+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-10-21T10:56:03+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bonavistadev.com\/en\/blog-en\/architecture-and-design\/common-components-a-technical-and-legal-guide-per-the-horizonal-property-act\/\"},\"wordCount\":1301,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bonavistadev.com\/en\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bonavistadev.com\/en\/blog-en\/architecture-and-design\/common-components-a-technical-and-legal-guide-per-the-horizonal-property-act\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/bonavistadev.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/elementos-comunes-edificio-escaleras-scaled.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Architecture and Design\",\"Arquitectura y dise\u00f1o\",\"Investment\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bonavistadev.com\/en\/blog-en\/architecture-and-design\/common-components-a-technical-and-legal-guide-per-the-horizonal-property-act\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/bonavistadev.com\/en\/blog-en\/architecture-and-design\/common-components-a-technical-and-legal-guide-per-the-horizonal-property-act\/\",\"name\":\"A Building's Common Components: A Practical and Legal Guide\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bonavistadev.com\/en\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bonavistadev.com\/en\/blog-en\/architecture-and-design\/common-components-a-technical-and-legal-guide-per-the-horizonal-property-act\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/bonavistadev.com\/en\/blog-en\/architecture-and-design\/common-components-a-technical-and-legal-guide-per-the-horizonal-property-act\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/bonavistadev.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/elementos-comunes-edificio-escaleras-scaled.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-10-07T09:07:57+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-10-21T10:56:03+00:00\",\"description\":\"Discover a building's common components pursuant to the Horizontal Property Act. 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